Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling in the Hospitality Industry: An Integrated Analysis Across Organizational, Team, and Employee Levels
Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling (MSEM) offers a rigorous framework for analyzing hierarchical data in the hospitality industry, where employees are nested within teams and teams within organizations. By decomposing variance into employee, team, and organizational levels, MSEM examines how latent constructs such as job satisfaction, leadership, and organizational culture interact to influence performance and service quality. At the employee level, engagement and emotional labor shape outcomes; at the team level, cohesion and leadership are critical; and at the organizational level, culture and HR practices exert broader effects. MSEM also enables the analysis of cross-level mediation and interactions, providing deeper insights into underlying mechanisms. Despite challenges related to complexity and data requirements, it enhances methodological rigor and practical understanding.
Palabras clave: Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling; Hierarchical Data Analysis; Hospitality Industry